Clinical intelligence & editorial.

PubMed

Rheumatoid Arthritis and Sleep Disturbances: A Narrative Review of Bidirectional Mechanisms.

Abstract Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease in which sleep disturbances are common and closely linked to pain, fatigue, mood symptoms, physical dysfunction, and disease activity. This narrative review synthesizes clinical and mechanistic evidence for a bidirectional relationship between RA and impaired sleep while distinguishing diagnosed sleep disorders from transdiagnostic sleep symptoms. RA-related inflammation, pain, stiffness, and psychological comorbidity may impai...

Arthritis

Fan X, Zhao F, Cheng Y, Zhang C, Zhu X, Shen Z, He D• November 4, 2026

PubMed

Anxiety and Depression in Glaucoma: A Narrative Review of Bidirectional Associations, Causal Evidence, and Clinical Implications.

Background Anxiety and depressive symptoms are common neuropsychiatric comorbidities in glaucoma, but the direction and causal meaning of these associations remain uncertain. Objective To evaluate evidence in both directions by assessing whether glaucoma contributes to anxiety and depression and whether anxiety or depression influences glaucoma-related outcomes or progression. Methods We conducted a structured narrative review of PubMed, Web of Science Core Collection, CNKI, Wanfang Data, a...

Anxiety

Liu R, Geng X, Han W, Zhao Y• November 4, 2026

PubMed

Glial Cell Mechanisms in Alzheimer's Disease Pathology and Progress in Biomarker Research.

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder in older adults and is increasingly recognized as a systems-level disease involving dynamic dysfunction and crosstalk among multiple glial cell populations. Microglia, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes play distinct but interconnected roles across the AD continuum. Microglia respond to amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau pathology by adopting disease-associated phenotypes that contribute to neuroinflammation, complement-dependent...

Alzheimer’S Disease

Li L, Zhang YB, Zhang RZ, Xie WT, Wang Y, Zhao YR, Wei YT, Ma C, Yan XK• November 4, 2026

PubMed

Integrated Machine Learning and Experimental Validation Identify Shared Aging-Related Molecular Signatures in Alzheimer's Disease and Osteoporosis.

Background Aging is a key biological driver implicated in the initiation and progression of both Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Osteoporosis (OP). However, the shared aging-related molecular alterations underlying these disorders remain incompletely understood. Methods Transcriptomic datasets of AD and OP, together with curated aging-related genes (ARGs), were systematically collected. Differential expression analysis was conducted using the limma algorithm, followed by weighted gene co-express...

Alzheimer’S Disease

Guo X, Guo Z, Peng T, Pan J, Zhang M, Ye X, Wen J, Liu X, Li Y, Lin X• November 4, 2026

PubMed

Visuospatial orienting in working memory is preserved in adults with ADHD symptoms.

People with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are reported to have pervasive deficits in working memory (WM), yet mechanistic explanations for such deficits are lacking. Research suggests that attentional mechanisms such as reward-based prioritisation and visuospatial orienting are intact in this population (Atkinson et al., 2025; Superbia-Guimarães et al., 2022, 2023). To further examine these mechanisms, we investigated the hypotheses that deficient visuospatial orienting during...

Adhd

Superbia-Guimarães L, Atkinson AL, Allen RJ, Camos V• November 4, 2026

PubMed

AI-derived cardiothoracic structures and coronary artery calcification volumes on non-contrast CT as predictors of mortality in pulmonary hypertension.

Objective To assess the prognostic value of AI-derived cardiothoracic structures and coronary artery calcification volumetric measurements in pulmonary hypertension (PH) using non-gated, non-contrast CT. Materials and methods Patients with suspected PH who underwent non-gated, non-contrast chest CT and right heart catheterisation within one month were retrospectively identified from the Assessing the Spectrum of PH Identified at a Referral Centre (ASPIRE) registry. Two validated deep learning...

Pulmonary Hypertension

Alnasser TN, Hokmabadi A, Sharkey M, Kiely DG, Alabed S, Swift AJ• November 4, 2026

PubMed

Occupational Exposure to Petroleum-Derived Lubricants and Risk of Multiple Sclerosis.

Background and Objectives Lung irritants such as smoking and organic solvents are established risk factors of multiple sclerosis (MS), with effects influenced by genetic susceptibility, particularly leukocyte antigen (HLA) DRB1*15:01 and HLA-A*02:01. Petroleum-derived lubricants represent another widespread occupational exposure with potential inflammatory properties, yet their contribution to MS etiology remains unclear. This study investigated associations between occupational exposure to pet...

Multiple Sclerosis

Hedström AK, Olsson T, Alfredsson L• November 4, 2026

PubMed

Open-IBD: protocol for a longitudinal multi-omics inception cohort in inflammatory bowel disease.

Abstract Introduction The clinical course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is highly heterogeneous, yet the biological mechanisms underlying this variability, along with robust predictive biomarkers of disease course and treatment response, remain elusive. Most existing multi-omic cohorts recruit patients after IBD diagnosis and following therapeutic exposure, limiting the ability to distinguish between primary disease biology and downstream consequences of chronic inflammation and/or treat...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Mulligan RJ, Cotobal Martin C, Allerton DM, Strickland M, Bibby I, Fachal L, Watson H, Bates G, Beck LC, Ahmad T, Blackwell J, Dart RJ, Dong C, Doona M, Doyle J, Fouweather T, Gemmell E, Hall R, Irving PM, Jacques K, Kennedy NA, King AT, Lee JC, Lees CW, Lees RD, Lindsay JO, Masi AC, Palmer-Jones C, Parkes GC, Parkes M, Patel KV, Povlsen S, Powell N, Prichard J, Raine T, Roberts C, Samuel E, Speight RA, Subramanian S, Reis P, Vayreda E, Wyatt NJ, Open-IBD Collaborators, Stewart CJ, Young GR, McGregor N, Anderson CA, Lamb CA• November 4, 2026

PubMed

Cancer Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Current Drug Strategies, Resistance, Biomarkers, and Future Directions.

Abstract Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) usually develops in a chronically inflamed, fibrotic, and immunologically tolerogenic liver. This context shapes antitumor immunity, competing liver-related mortality, and access to subsequent therapy. As hepatic reserve, disease etiology, and regional treatment patterns differ substantially across patients and healthcare settings, immunotherapy outcomes are correspondingly heterogeneous. Immune-checkpoint inhibitors have transformed systemic treatment th...

Cancer Immunotherapy

Zhong SS, Yu Y, Zhong XH, Xie J, Liu MS• November 4, 2026

PubMed

Beyond anticoagulation: defining the role of left atrial appendage closure in stroke prevention for atrial fibrillation.

Abstract Oral anticoagulation has a very strong evidence base for stroke prevention in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) at elevated thromboembolic risk. Direct oral anticoagulants have improved the safety and convenience of treatment, yet important limitations remain, including residual ischaemic stroke, major bleeding, treatment discontinuation, and patient refusal. Left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) offers an alternative strategy for selected patients by excluding the principal anatom...

Anticoagulation

Camm AJ• November 4, 2026

PubMed

Sex-based disparities in whooping cough prevalence in Sierra Leone: Evaluating World Health Organization Health Equity Assessment Toolkit data.

Abstract Background This study examines the trends and sex-based inequality in the prevalence of whooping cough in Sierra Leone, from 2000 to 2019. Methods We utilized national health records extracted from the WHO Health Equity Assessment Toolkit database to analysed age-standardized prevalence per 100 000 population and employed inequality measures: Difference (D), Population Attributable Fraction (PAF), Population Attributable Risk (PAR) and Ratio (R) to examine sex-based inequalities. R...

Cough

Osborne A, Sesay U, Ahinkorah BO• November 3, 2026

PubMed

Gastrointestinal Kaposi Sarcoma as the Initial Presentation of Undiagnosed HIV Infection: A Case of Unexplained Anemia.

Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is an angioproliferative malignancy associated with human herpesvirus‐8 (HHV‐8) infection and is strongly linked to immunosuppression, particularly in the setting of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although cutaneous involvement is the most common presentation, visceral disease—especially within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract—may occur and is frequently underrecognized due to its often asymptomatic or nonspecific clinical manifestations. We report the case of a 41‐year‐o...

Hiv Infection

Omar A, Zouein T, Salameh R, Zodeh K, Karam K, Aftimos G, Hani P• November 3, 2026