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Physicians Office Resource's authored articles and clinical reviews, alongside curated literature and news for practical point-of-care guidance and insight.

Showing 265–276 of 373 articles

PLOS

Shared latent genetic liability across fibromyalgia and psychiatric traits: Novel insights from genomic structural equation modeling

Background: Fibromyalgia, insomnia, depression, and anxiety share common clinical comorbidities, but their underlying genetic architecture and mechanism remain unclear. Methods: We conducted phenotype-specific Genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses for fibromyalgia, insomnia, depression, and anxiety, respectively. Genomic structural equation modeling was employed to identify a shared genetic factor (mvFibroPsych). Lead SNPs and associated genes were annotated using Functional Mapping...

Genetics
Liling Lin, Yankai Li, Fengtao Ji, Jianwei Lin, Mengyi Zhu, Diefei Liang, Minghui Cao, Ganglan Fu, Yanni Fu•
PLOS

Patient, parent and provider perspectives on sickle cell disease genetics research in Jamaica

Advances in genetics and genomics research are revolutionizing the way we understand sickle cell disease (SCD) and approach its treatment and management. Much of this research has been conducted in high-income countries and so much of the available data is skewed towards these populations. Efforts are now being made to facilitate this research in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs) through capacity building and strengthening. These efforts must also include understanding context specific SCD...

Genetics
Krystin Jones, Kearsley Stewart, Monika Asnani, Charmaine D. Royal•
PLOS

Host genetic background and environment have different effects on the establishment and structure of the adult worker honey bee gut microbiota

Many studies have highlighted the importance of gut microbiomes to many aspects of host physiology. Therefore, understanding how factors, such as host genetics and environment, impact the establishment and composition of the gut microbiota can provide insight into host biological functioning. Here, we controlled the microbial inoculation of honey bees across distinct social groups, each composed of a mixture of bees from three distinct genetic backgrounds, and each housed in a distinct cage envi...

Genetics
Breven Stark, Gene E. Robinson, Cassondra L. Vernier•
PLOS

Developing count regression techniques for predicting the number of new type 2 diabetes cases in Saudi Arabia

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a chronic condition affecting millions globally. A robust predictive model to estimate the number of new cases of T2D can facilitate precise monitoring and effective intervention strategies. This study aims to predict the number of new T2D cases per month in Saudi Arabia and identify the Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) associated with T2D, using count regression models, Poisson Regression (PR), Negative Binomial Regression (NBR), Poisson Inverse Gaussian Regression (PI...

Diabetes
Faten Al-hussein, Laleh Tafakori, Mali Abdollahian, Khalid Al-Shali•
PLOS

The role of obesity and Type 2 diabetes in lung health: A systematic review (2024)

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes is associated with mild airways restriction, yet obstructive lung conditions are prevalent in people with diabetes. Obesity is a confounding factor and has been reported to be both protective and to enhance risk of lung disease independent of hyperglycaemia. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate how Type 2 diabetes and obesity affect lung function measurements in people with and without chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma. Methods: Ov...

Diabetes
Roanne Lecky, Svitlana Grogan, Priyank Shukla, Sarah Atkinson, Paula L. McClean, Catriona Kelly•
PLOS

Cardiovascular risk among middle-aged Japanese adults with atopic dermatitis: A nested case–control study

Background and objective: The increasing prevalence of atopic dermatitis (AD) has raised concerns about whether individuals with AD require specific cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention strategies. This study investigated the association between AD and CVD among middle-aged adults. Methods: We conducted a nested case–control study using data from the Kyoto Claim Database (April 2013–March 2023) among individuals aged 40–59 years who were followed for ≥ 3 years. Cases were patients with first-...

Cardiovascular
Misato Maeno, Mami Ishida, Risa Tamagawa-Mineoka, Naoyuki Takashima, Hiroshi Ikai•
PLOS

Examining the role of social factors in the utilization of preventive cardiovascular clinical services: An analysis using Andersen’s behavioral health model

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality in Saudi Arabia, mainly influenced by multiple lifestyle risk factors. Addressing this challenge requires a comprehensive evaluation of preventive services, particularly Preventive Cardiovascular Clinical Services (PCCS), which are essential for early detection and management. Hence, studying the utilization of PCCS is crucial to assess uptake and inform strategies to combat CVD burden. Methods: A survey-based cross-...

Cardiovascular
Sultan Saad Alamri, Abuobieda Khogali Abdalrouf, Fahad Mustafa Alnouri, Ammar Hamid Suliman•
PLOS

Behavioral differences between infants at and not at elevated risk for autism during a contingency paradigm

Introduction: Motor impairments have been reported in infants at elevated likelihood of autism and those later diagnosed with autism. However, empirical studies comparing higher to lower likelihood infants are lacking, limiting our understanding of these motor impairments. This study aimed to determine and describe the behavioral differences between infants at higher (HLA) versus lower likelihood (LLA) of autism during a contingency learning paradigm. Methods: Thirty full-term infants (6–9 month...

Autism
Marcelo R. Rosales, José Carlos Pulido, John Sideris, Grace T. Baranek, Nina S. Bradley, Maja Matarić, Beth A. Smith•
PLOS

Effects of esketamine on postoperative pain, anxiety, depression, sleep, and inflammation in pregnancies undergoing cesarean section: A randomized controlled trial

Objective: Postoperative pain is the most notable issue after cesarean section (CS). The contributing factors include hyperalgesia, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and inflammation. In this study, we explored the effects of esketamine on pain, hyperalgesia, depression, anxiety, sleep disorders, and inflammation after CS. Methods: This randomized, blinded, controlled trial enrolled single-term pregnant women scheduled for elective CS. This trial was a single-center study conducted at Chongq...

Anxiety
Yijun Wang, Xiaolu Lin, Xiang Zou, Renqin Zhang, Juanxia Xing, Li Zhang, Jie Shen, Xiaoliang Zhang, Daju Zhou, Junhua Zhang•
PLOS

Why are so many pregnancies still unintended in Ghana? A closer look at factors influencing reproductive autonomy

Unintended pregnancy remains a major public health challenge globally, with particularly high prevalence in sub-Saharan Africa. In Ghana, despite improvements in reproductive health service delivery, unintended pregnancies persist. This study examined the prevalence and factors influencing unintended pregnancy among sexually active women in Ghana. The study used data from the 2017 Ghana Maternal Health Survey (GMHS), focusing on 1,453 sexually active women aged 15–49 years. Descriptive statistic...

Pregnancy
Samuel Salu, Doreen Selasie Tay, Clinton Sekyere Frempong, Dennis Kweku Mawuli Okyere, Prince Tsekpetse•
PLOS

Allostatic load in thyroid cancer is higher than that of other cancers: A secondary analysis using NHANES

Background: To compare the levels of allostatic load score (ALS) between thyroid cancer patients and patients with other types of cancer and explore whether ALS mediates the association between thyroid cancer and alterations in physiological function. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted a secondary analysis of 181 cancer patients using NHANES data from 2007 to 2020, including 91 individuals with thyroid cancer. Generalized linear regression, logistic regression, and sensitivity analysi...

Thyroiditis
Wen-rui Wang, Guan-dong Liu, Dong-xiao Ren, Xiao-yu Liu•

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