Ipratropium Bromide (ipratropium bromide)
Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
Overview
Ipratropium bromide is a synthetic quaternary ammonium antimuscarinic.
USES: Ipratropium is used to control and prevent symptoms (wheezing and shortness of breath) caused by ongoing lung disease (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-COPD which includes bronchitis and emphysema). It works by relaxing the muscles around the airways so that they open up and you can breathe more easily. Controlling symptoms of breathing problems can decrease time lost from work or school.
For preventing symptoms of lung disease, this medication must be used regularly to be effective. Use your quick-relief inhaler or nebulized solution (such as albuterol, also called salbutamol in some countries) for wheezing or sudden shortness of breath unless otherwise directed by your doctor. Ipratropium does not work as fast as your quick-relief medication, but may sometimes be used together with your quick-relief medication to relieve symptoms of wheezing or sudden shortness of breath if so prescribed by your doctor.
Generic name: ipratropium bromide
Pronunciation: (IP-ra-TROE-pee-um)
Reference product & biosimilars
No reference, biosimilar or interchangeable associated with this drug.
Today’s intelligence on Ipratropium Bromide
Indications
The following indications are listed for Ipratropium Bromide:
- Bronchospasm Prevention With Copd
Also known as: Copd With Bronchospasms Prophylaxis.
Dosing
No dosing information is available for this tab.
Ipratropium bromide is administered by oral inhalation using an oral aerosol inhaler or via nebulization. Ipratropium bromide is administered in fixed combination with albuterol sulfate via a metered-dose aerosol inhaler or via nebulization. Patients should be advised that ipratropium must be used consistently throughout the course of therapy for maximum benefit. In addition, patients should be advised that the drug will not provide immediate symptomatic relief and should not be used for the relief of acute bronchospasm.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
Drug interactions
The manufacturer states that because of the limited systemic absorption and low plasma drug concentrations associated with oral inhalation of ipratropium, it is unlikely that the drug would interact with systemically administered drugs. The manufacturer states that patients taking ipratropium bromide in fixed combination with albuterol sulfate should not use other inhaled agents unless directed by a clinician.
Adverse drug interactions have not been reported with concomitant administration of orally inhaled ipratropium and a beta-adrenergic agonist bronchodilator (e.g., albuterol, fenoterol (currently not commercially available in the US), isoproterenol, metaproterenol), theophylline derivatives, oral or inhaled corticosteroids, or cromolyn sodium in clinical studies in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or asthma.
While concomitant inhalation of ipratropium and a beta2-adrenergic agonist may not always result in substantial additional bronchodilation compared with inhalation of either agent alone, such combined therapy usually increases the duration of bronchodilation. Concomitant administration of ipratropium and albuterol via nebulization has been reported to increase intraocular pressure (IOP) and precipitate acute angle-closure glaucoma in susceptible individuals (i.e., individuals with untreated or undiagnosed angle-closure glaucoma), probably as a result of inadvertent contact of the drugs with the eyes. (See Cautions: Ocular Effects.) Caution is advised if the fixed combination of albuterol and ipratropium inhalation aerosol is used concomitantly with other beta2-adrenergic agents since the risk for adverse cardiovascular effects increases.
Although ipratropium inhalation aerosol is minimally absorbed into the systemic circulation, there is some potential for additive interaction with concomitantly used antimuscarinic agents. Therefore, caution is advised when ipratropium aerosol is used concomitantly with other antimuscarinic agents.
For further information on drug interactions reported with antimuscarinics, see Drug Interactions in the Antimuscarinics/Antispasmodics General Statement 12:08.08.
There are no contraindication interactions for this drug.
There are no severe interactions for this drug.
There are no moderate interactions for this drug.
Contraindications
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no contraindication contraindications for this drug.
There are no severe contraindications for this drug.
There are no moderate contraindications for this drug.
Adverse reactions
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no severe adverse reactions for this drug.
There are no less severe adverse reactions for this drug.
Precautions
No enhanced messaging available.
No enhanced messaging available.
Reproduction studies in mice, rats, and rabbits receiving oral ipratropium bromide dosages of 10, 1000, and 125 mg/kg daily (approximately 200, 40,000, and 10,000 times the maximum recommended human daily inhalation dosage on a mg/m2 basis), respectively, and in rats or rabbits receiving orally inhaled ipratropium bromide dosages of 1.5 or 1.8 mg/kg (approximately 60 or 140 times the maximum recommended human daily inhalation dosage on a mg/m2 basis), respectively, have not revealed evidence of harm to the fetus. There are no adequate and controlled studies to date using orally inhaled ipratropium in pregnant women, and the drug should be used during pregnancy only when clearly needed.
It is not known whether ipratropium is distributed into milk in humans, but highly lipophobic quaternary bases are distributed slowly and at low concentrations into milk. Because ipratropium is not well absorbed systemically following oral inhalation, the manufacturer states that ingestion of substantial amounts of the drug by an infant during breast-feeding is unlikely. The manufacturer recommends that orally inhaled ipratropium be used with caution in nursing women.
No enhanced messaging available.
ICD codes
No ICD codes are available for this drug.
Formulary status
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Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
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