Drug class

Chloramphenicol and Derivatives

Chloramphenicol and derivatives (often referred to chemically as phenicols) are a class of broad-spectrum antibacterial agents that include chloramphenicol and its related analogs and prodrug formulations, such as thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol sodium succinate. Read more about Chloramphenicol and Derivatives

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About Chloramphenicol and Derivatives.

Chloramphenicol and derivatives (often referred to chemically as phenicols) are a class of broad-spectrum antibacterial agents that include chloramphenicol and its related analogs and prodrug formulations, such as thiamphenicol and chloramphenicol sodium succinate.

They exert a primarily bacteriostatic effect by reversibly binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit of susceptible bacteria, thereby inhibiting peptidyl transferase activity and blocking bacterial protein synthesis.

Because of risks of severe toxicities—most notably bone marrow suppression and aplastic anemia—systemic clinical use is generally reserved for life-threatening infections where alternative therapies are ineffective or contraindicated, including bacterial meningitis, brain abscesses, severe rickettsial diseases, and refractory typhoid fever, as well as for superficial ocular infections in topical ophthalmic preparations.