Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors are an established pharmacologic class of epigenetic-modifying agents that block histone deacetylase enzymes, thereby preventing the removal of acetyl groups from lysine residues on histones and non-histone proteins Clinically, members of this class are primarily used in oncology to treat hematologic malignancies such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma

This inhibition maintains an open chromatin conformation, promotes transcriptional activation of silenced genes—including tumor suppressor genes—and drives downstream effects such as cell cycle arrest, cellular differentiation, and apoptosis

This inhibition maintains an open chromatin conformation, promotes transcriptional activation of silenced genes—including tumor suppressor genes—and drives downstream effects such as cell cycle arrest, cellular differentiation, and apoptosis

This inhibition maintains an open chromatin conformation, promotes transcriptional activation of silenced genes—including tumor suppressor genes—and drives downstream effects such as cell cycle arrest, cellular differentiation, and apoptosis

Clinically, members of this class are primarily used in oncology to treat hematologic malignancies such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma

Clinically, members of this class are primarily used in oncology to treat hematologic malignancies such as cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, peripheral T-cell lymphoma, and multiple myeloma

More recently, their therapeutic application has expanded to non-oncologic rare disorders, including neuromuscular indications such as Duchenne muscular dystrophy