Mannitol (mannitol)

The dosage, concentration of solution, and rate of administration of mannitol vary with the condition being treated and the patient's fluid requirements, urinary output, and response to the drug.

Mannitol is administered by IV infusion. To measure glomerular filtration rate (GFR), one manufacturer recommends that 100 mL of a 20% solution (20 g) of mannitol be diluted with 180 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride injection, and the resulting 280 mL of solution infused at a rate of 20 mL/minute. Another source suggests that 200 mg/kg, in a 15-25% solution, be administered in 3-5 minutes.

Mannitol clearance is determined by simultaneously measuring plasma mannitol concentrations and the quantity of mannitol excreted in urine in a given time and calculating the ratio of the amount of mannitol excreted to the plasma mannitol concentration. Catheterization is performed to facilitate complete urine collection. Mannitol clearance, and therefore GFR, is calculated using the formula:

where U is the average concentration of mannitol in the urine in mg/dL, V is the average volume of urine collected per minute in mL, and P is the average concentration of mannitol in plasma in mg/dL. Normal values for mannitol clearance (and consequently GFR), corrected to a standard 1.73 m2 of body surface area, average 125 mL for men and 116 mL for women.

Mannitol injections are administered by IV infusion. An administration set with a filter should be used for infusion of injections containing 20% or more, since mannitol crystals may be present. For transurethral prostatic resection, mannitol irrigation solutions are instilled into the bladder via an indwelling urethral catheter.

No dosing information is available for this tab.

No dosing information is available for this tab.

Because mannitol increases urinary excretion of lithium, patients being treated with lithium should be observed for possible impairment of response to that drug if they receive mannitol.

There are no contraindication interactions for this drug.

There are no severe interactions for this drug.

There are no moderate interactions for this drug.

There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.

There are no contraindication contraindications for this drug.

There are no severe contraindications for this drug.

There are no moderate contraindications for this drug.

There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.

There are no severe adverse reactions for this drug.

There are no less severe adverse reactions for this drug.

No enhanced messaging available.

No enhanced messaging available.

Animal reproduction studies have not been performed with mannitol. It is also not known whether mannitol can caused fetal harm when administered to pregnant women. Mannitol should be used during pregnancy only when clearly needed.

Animal reproduction studies have not been performed with mannitol. It is also not known whether mannitol can cause fetal harm when administered to pregnant women. Mannitol should be used during pregnancy only when clearly needed.

No enhanced messaging available.

No enhanced messaging available.