Gatifloxacin (gatifloxacin)
Ophthalmic Antibacterials Ophthalmic (EYE) Drops
Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
Overview
Gatifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone anti-infective agent.
Gatifloxacin is a fluoroquinolone anti-infective agent. Like other commercially available fluoroquinolones, gatifloxacin contains a fluorine at the C-6 position of the quinolone nucleus. In addition, like moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin contains an 8-methoxy group and has been termed an 8-methoxy fluoroquinolone.
Gatifloxacin, like other fluoroquinolone anti-infective agents, inhibits DNA synthesis in susceptible bacteria via inhibition of type II DNA topoisomerases (DNA gyrase, topoisomerase IV).
Gatifloxacin is active in vitro and in vivo in conjunctival infections against Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, Streptococcus mitis group, S. oralis, S. pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae.
Bacteria resistant to gatifloxacin have been produced in vitro. Cross-resistance between gatifloxacin and some other fluoroquinolones has been reported.
For the topical treatment of conjunctivitis caused by susceptible bacteria, gatifloxacin is commercially available as a clear, pale yellow, aqueous ophthalmic solution containing 5 mg of gatifloxacin per mL. Gatifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution has an osmolality of 260-330 mOsm/kg, a pH of 5.1-5.7, and contains benzalkonium chloride as a preservative.
Following topical ophthalmic application of gatifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution in an escalated dosage regimen (2 drops initially, then 2 drops 4 times daily for 7 days, and then 2 drops 8 times daily for 3 days) to one eye in 6 healthy adults, serum concentrations of the drug were below the limit of quantitation (5 ng/mL) in all samples collected.
USES: This medication is a quinolone antibiotic used for eye infections (such as conjunctivitis). This medication treats only bacterial eye infections. It will not work for other types of eye infections.
Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.
Generic name: gatifloxacin
Pronunciation: (gat-ih-FLOX-uh-sin)
Drug class: Ophthalmic Antibacterials
Therapeutic class: Ophthalmic Agents
Reference product & biosimilars
No reference, biosimilar or interchangeable associated with this drug.
Today’s intelligence on Gatifloxacin
Indications
The following indications are listed for Gatifloxacin:
- Bacterial Conjunctivitis
Also known as: Inflammation Of The Conjunctiva Due To Bacteria.
Dosing
No dosing information is available for this tab.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
| Drug label | Dosing type | Instructions |
|---|---|---|
| Gatifloxacin 0.5% Eye Drops | Maintenance | Instill 1 drop into affected eye(s) by ophthalmic route 2 times per day while awake on days 2 through 7 of treatment. |
| Drug label | Dosing type | Instructions |
|---|---|---|
| Gatifloxacin 0.5% Eye Drops | Maintenance | Instill 1 drop into affected eye(s) by ophthalmic route 2 times per day while awake on days 2 through 7 of treatment. |
Drug interactions
No formal drug interaction studies have been performed using gatifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution.
There are no contraindication interactions for this drug.
There are no severe interactions for this drug.
There are no moderate interactions for this drug.
Contraindications
Gatifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution is contraindicated in patients with known hypersensitivity to gatifloxacin, other quinolones, or any component in the formulation.
There are no contraindication contraindications for this drug.
There are no severe contraindications for this drug.
- No disease contraindications
Adverse reactions
Adverse effects reported in 1% or more of patients treated with gatifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution include worsening of the conjunctivitis, eye irritation, dysgeusia, and eye pain.
More Frequent
- Keratitis
Less Frequent
- Ocular itching
- Reduced visual acuity
Rare or Very Rare
- Allergic dermatitis
- Anaphylaxis
- Angioedema
- Chemosis
- Conjunctival hemorrhage
- Dyspnea
- Facial edema
- Hypersensitivity drug reaction
- Laryngeal edema
- Pharyngeal edema
- Stevens-johnson syndrome
- Urticaria
More Frequent
- Dry eye
- Eye tearing
- Ocular pain
- Ocular redness
Less Frequent
- Dysgeusia
- Eyelid edema
- Headache disorder
- Ocular discharge
- Ocular irritation
Rare or Very Rare
- Blepharitis
- Blurred vision
- Nausea
- Pruritus of skin
- Skin rash
Precautions
No enhanced messaging available.
Safety and efficacy of gatifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution have not been established in children younger than 1 year of age.
Data are not available regarding use of gatifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution in pregnant women.
In animal studies using oral gatifloxacin, teratogenic effects (e.g., skeletal/craniofacial malformations, delayed ossification, atrial enlargement) and reduced fetal weight were reported at dosages equal to or greater than 150 mg/kg daily (approximately 600-fold higher than recommended human ophthalmic dosage on a mg/m2 basis).
Gatifloxacin is distributed into milk in rats after oral administration. It is not known whether gatifloxacin is distributed into human milk following topical application to the eye.
Benefits of breast-feeding and the importance of gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution to the woman should be considered along with the potential adverse effects on the breast-fed child from the drug or from the underlying maternal condition.
No overall differences in safety and efficacy of gatifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution have been observed between geriatric and younger adults.
ICD codes
| Code | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Bacterial conjunctivitis | ||
| H10.02 | ICD10CM | Other mucopurulent conjunctivitis |
| H10.021 | ICD10CM | Other mucopurulent conjunctivitis, right eye |
| H10.022 | ICD10CM | Other mucopurulent conjunctivitis, left eye |
| H10.023 | ICD10CM | Other mucopurulent conjunctivitis, bilateral |
| H10.029 | ICD10CM | Other mucopurulent conjunctivitis, unspecified eye |
| H10.3 | ICD10CM | Unspecified acute conjunctivitis |
| H10.30 | ICD10CM | Unspecified acute conjunctivitis, unspecified eye |
| H10.31 | ICD10CM | Unspecified acute conjunctivitis, right eye |
| H10.32 | ICD10CM | Unspecified acute conjunctivitis, left eye |
| H10.33 | ICD10CM | Unspecified acute conjunctivitis, bilateral |
ICD code information from First Databank (FDB).
Formulary status
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Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
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