Timolol Maleate (timolol maleate)
Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
Overview
Timolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic blocking agent.
USES: This medication is used to treat high pressure inside the eye due to glaucoma (open angle-type) or other eye diseases (such as ocular hypertension). Lowering high pressure inside the eye helps to prevent blindness. This medication works by decreasing the amount of fluid within the eye.
Timolol belongs to a class of drugs known as beta-blockers.
Generic name: timolol maleate
Pronunciation: (TIE-moh-lohl)
Reference product & biosimilars
No reference, biosimilar or interchangeable associated with this drug.
Today’s intelligence on Timolol Maleate
Indications
The following indications are listed for Timolol Maleate:
- Ocular Hypertension
- Open Angle Glaucoma
Also known as: Chronic Glaucoma, Compensated Glaucoma, Glaucoma Simplex, Increased Intraocular Pressure, Increased Iop, Open-Angle Glaucoma, Raised Intraocular Pressure, Simple Glaucoma.
Dosing
No dosing information is available for this tab.
Timolol or timolol maleate is applied topically to the eye as an ophthalmic solution. Timolol maleate also is applied topically to the eye as a gel-forming ophthalmic solution. Timolol maleate also is commercially available in fixed combination with dorzolamide hydrochloride or brimonidine tartrate (as ophthalmic solutions) for topical application to the eye. Care should be taken to avoid contamination of the solution container.
Some timolol ophthalmic solutions contain benzalkonium chloride, which may be absorbed by soft contact lenses. Contact lenses should be removed prior to administration of each dose of these solutions, but may be reinserted 15 minutes after the dose.
Preservative-free ophthalmic solutions containing timolol alone or in fixed combination with dorzolamide should be administered topically to one or both eyes immediately after the single-use container is opened; since sterility cannot be maintained after the individual unit is opened, any remaining contents should be discarded immediately after administration.
If the patient is receiving more than one ophthalmic preparation, the preparations should be administered at least 5 minutes apart, although some manufacturers recommend an interval of at least 10 minutes. Containers of timolol maleate ophthalmic gel-forming solution should be inverted and shaken once just prior to administration of each dose. Patients receiving ophthalmic gel-forming solutions of the drug who also are receiving other ophthalmic preparations should be instructed that other topical preparations be administered at least 10 minutes before a dose of the gel-forming solution.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
Drug interactions
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no contraindication interactions for this drug.
There are no severe interactions for this drug.
There are no moderate interactions for this drug.
Contraindications
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no contraindication contraindications for this drug.
There are no severe contraindications for this drug.
There are no moderate contraindications for this drug.
Adverse reactions
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no severe adverse reactions for this drug.
There are no less severe adverse reactions for this drug.
Precautions
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No enhanced messaging available.
Reproduction studies in mice, rats, and rabbits using oral timolol dosages up to 50 mg/kg daily (7000 times the systemic exposure following the maximum recommended human ophthalmic dosage) have not revealed evidence of harm to the fetus. Although delayed fetal ossification was observed at this dosage in rats, no adverse effects on postnatal development occurred in this species. Oral timolol dosages of 1 g/kg daily (142,000 times the systemic exposure following the maximum recommended human ophthalmic dosage) were maternotoxic and resulted in an increased number of fetal resorptions in mice. Increased fetal resorptions were also observed in rabbits receiving oral timolol dosages 14,000 times the systemic exposure following the maximum recommended human ophthalmic dosage.
There are no adequate and controlled studies to date using timolol ophthalmic solution in pregnant women, and the drug should be used during pregnancy only when the potential benefits justify the possible risks to the fetus.
Timolol is distributed into milk following oral or topical ophthalmic administration. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions from timolol in nursing infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the woman.
No enhanced messaging available.
ICD codes
No ICD codes are available for this drug.
Formulary status
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Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
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