Isoniazid (isoniazid)
Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
Overview
Isoniazid is a synthetic, isonicotinic acid-derivative antituberculosis agent.
USES: Isoniazid is used with other medications to treat active tuberculosis (TB) infections. It is also used alone to prevent active TB infections in people who may be infected with the bacteria (people with positive TB skin test). Isoniazid is an antibiotic and works by stopping the growth of bacteria.
This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections. It will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu). Using any antibiotic when it is not needed can cause it to not work for future infections.
Generic name: isoniazid
Pronunciation: (EYE-soe-NYE-a-zid)
Reference product & biosimilars
No reference, biosimilar or interchangeable associated with this drug.
Today’s intelligence on Isoniazid
Indications
The following indications are listed for Isoniazid:
- Active Tuberculosis
- Inactive Tuberculosis
- Pulmonary Tuberculosis
- Tuberculosis Meningitis
- Tuberculosis Prophylaxis
Also known as: Active Tb, Acute Tuberculosis, Latent Tuberculosis, Meningeal Tuberculosis, Pulmonary Tb, Tb Prophylaxis, Tuberculous Meningitis.
Dosing
Oral and IM dosages of isoniazid are identical.
Isoniazid usually is administered orally. The drug may be given by IM injection when oral therapy is not possible.
The fixed-combination preparation containing isoniazid and rifampin (Rifamate(R)) and the fixed-combination preparation containing isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide (Rifater(R)) should be given either 1 hour before or 2 hours after a meal; the manufacturer states that Rifater(R) should be given with a full glass of water.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
No dosing information is available for this tab.
Drug interactions
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no contraindication interactions for this drug.
There are no severe interactions for this drug.
There are no moderate interactions for this drug.
Contraindications
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no contraindication contraindications for this drug.
There are no severe contraindications for this drug.
There are no moderate contraindications for this drug.
Adverse reactions
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no severe adverse reactions for this drug.
There are no less severe adverse reactions for this drug.
Precautions
No enhanced messaging available.
No enhanced messaging available.
No isoniazid-related congenital abnormalities have been observed in mammalian reproductive studies; however, it has been reported that isoniazid may exert an embryocidal effect when the drug is administered orally in pregnant rats and rabbits. Although safe use of the drugs during pregnancy has not been definitely established, isoniazid (combined with rifampin and/or ethambutol) has been used to treat clinical tuberculosis in pregnant women. The American Thoracic Society (ATS), US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) state that isoniazid is considered safe for use in pregnant women, but the risk of hepatitis may be increased in the peripartum period. The manufacturers state that the potential benefits of isoniazid therapy for latent tuberculosis infection during pregnancy should be weighed against the possible risks to the fetus. Use of antituberculosis agents for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in pregnant women is controversial. Some experts prefer to delay treatment until after delivery because pregnancy itself does not increase the risk for progression to disease and 2 studies suggest that there may be an increased risk of hepatotoxicity during pregnancy and the early postpartum period. However, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and other experts state that pregnant women who have positive tuberculin skin tests without evidence of clinical tuberculosis should receive therapy with isoniazid for latent tuberculosis infection if they are likely to have been infected recently or have high-risk medical conditions, especially human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. The AAP recommends that such therapy begin after the first trimester.
If isoniazid is administered during pregnancy, concomitant administration of pyridoxine (25 mg daily) is recommended.
Because isoniazid crosses the placenta and is distributed into milk, neonates and breast-fed infants of isoniazid-treated mothers should be carefully observed for evidence of adverse effects.
No enhanced messaging available.
ICD codes
No ICD codes are available for this drug.
Formulary status
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Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
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