HER2-positive biliary tract malignancy

HER2-positive biliary tract malignancy refers to an aggressive group of epithelial cancers arising from the biliary tree—including intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinoma, as well as gallbladder carcinoma—that exhibit human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu, encoded by *ERBB2*) overexpression or gene amplification Pathophysiologically, HER2 alteration leads to constitutive receptor dimerization and hyperactivation of downstream oncogenic cascades, including the MAPK/ERK...

HER2-positive biliary tract malignancy refers to an aggressive group of epithelial cancers arising from the biliary tree—including intrahepatic, perihilar, and distal cholangiocarcinoma, as well as gallbladder carcinoma—that exhibit human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2/neu, encoded by *ERBB2*) overexpression or gene amplification This molecular subtype affects the hepatobiliary system in adults and accounts for approximately 5% to 20% of biliary tract cancers, occurring most frequently...

This molecular subtype affects the hepatobiliary system in adults and accounts for approximately 5% to 20% of biliary tract cancers, occurring most frequently in gallbladder and extrahepatic bile duct tumors

Patients frequently present at locally advanced, unresectable, or metastatic stages with clinical features such as obstructive jaundice, abdominal pain, cachexia, and high rates of disease recurrence