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Physicians Office Resource's authored articles and clinical reviews, alongside curated literature and news for practical point-of-care guidance and insight.

Showing 61–72 of 2,098 articles

PubMed

Preventable drivers of acute respiratory infections among under-five children in India's high-risk zones: application of population attributable fractions analyses.

Background Acute respiratory infections (ARI) remain a major contributor to morbidity and mortality among under-five children in India. Although previous national studies have identified individual-level risk factors, evidence on the spatial distribution of ARI and the burden statistically attributable to selected exposures within hotspot regions remains limited. Methods We analysed data from the 2019–21 National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) Children’s Recode file using a two-stage analytica...

Articles
Venkatesh U, Rahaman M, Durga R, Hossain M, Bera OP, Grover A•
PubMed

Postoperative fluid collection at the proximal neurovascular bundle level is associated with early pain and reduced knee extensor strength after direct anterior total hip arthroplasty.

Background Early anterolateral thigh pain after direct anterior total hip arthroplasty (DAA-THA) is common, and more severe symptoms than expected in the usual postoperative course can be difficult to interpret clinically. This study evaluated whether a landmark-based ultrasonographic pattern of postoperative fluid collection (POFC) at a reference level corresponding to a reported course of the proximal neurovascular bundle is associated with early pain and knee extensor strength. Methods In...

Articles
Osanami H, Kitta Y, Inoue A, Kaneko T, Hirai Y, Ugai K, Tsushima E•
PubMed

Accuracy of the Final Growth Ultrasound in Predicting Birthweight Centile in Women With Class III Obesity: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Introduction This study evaluated agreement between final third-trimester ultrasound estimated fetal weight (EFW) centile and subsequent birthweight centile in singleton pregnancies among women with class III obesity (body mass index (BMI) ≥40 kg/m²). Secondary objectives were to assess antenatal detection of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) and large-for-gestational-age (LGA) infants and associations of maternal BMI and scan-to-delivery interval with centile prediction error. Methods We condu...

Articles
Mahurkar S, Riaz S, Salovic B, Chowdhury S, Anjali A, Parveen S•
PubMed

Pharmacogenetics Governance for Youth Mental Health: A Scoping Review of Policy Across 13 Countries.

Pharmacogenetics (PGx) testing could improve psychotropic prescribing for children and young people, yet youth‐specific policy guidance remains scarce. This review characterizes the international PGx policy landscape for youth mental health across 13 countries. From 940 records, 20 policy documents met inclusion criteria, yielding 190 passages for thematic analysis using the GE3LS framework. We found that 75% of policies primarily focused on guiding medication prescribing in adult populations, w...

Articles
Awuni PMA, Bajgain BB, Lorenzetti DL, Dimitropoulos G, Arnold PD, Zwicker J, Bousman C•
PubMed

Engagement, Feasibility, and Perceived Alliance With a Large Language Model-Enabled Mental Health Voice and Chatbot: Exploratory Longitudinal Observational Study.

Abstract Background Conversational AI systems are increasingly used for web-based mental health support, yet evidence on sustained engagement, therapeutic alliance, and longitudinal outcomes remains limited. Baseline data from 527 self-referred users of the large language model–enabled chatbot Clare indicated high psychological distress and early development of a subjective working alliance. Objective This exploratory study examined the feasibility and descriptive outcome patterns associated...

Articles
Schäfer LM, Krause T, Köhler S•
PubMed

Prevalence and ultrasonographic characterization of newly detected findings suggestive of deep and ovarian endometriosis in postmenopausal women undergoing routine gynecological examination.

Abstract Introduction To assess the prevalence and ultrasonographic characteristics of newly detected findings suggestive of ovarian and deep endometriosis (DE) in postmenopausal women undergoing routine gynecological evaluation. Material and Methods This prospective observational study (NCT07503938) included consecutive postmenopausal participants attending two regional gynecology outpatient clinics for routine examination over 24 months. Transvaginal ultrasound was performed by a single op...

Articles
Barra F, Perrone U, Xholli A, Alessandri F, Centurioni MG, Bogliolo S, Izzotti A, Gustavino C, Cagnacci A, Ferrero S•
PubMed

Serum Very‐Long‐Chain Saturated Fatty Acids and the Mediating Role of Systemic Immune Inflammation in Cardiovascular Disease Risk.

ABSTRACT Very‐long‐chain saturated fatty acids (VLCSFAs) represent a distinct class of saturated fatty acids whose cardiovascular associations remain underexplored and controversial. This study investigated the associations of serum VLCSFAs—C20:0, C22:0, C23:0, and C24:0, and their sum (total VLCSFAs)—with myocardial infarction (MI), heart failure (HF), and stroke in 3456 NHANES 2011–2014 participants. Binary logistic and restricted cubic spline regression models were employed, with mediation a...

Articles
Chen X, Zhou L, Cheng J•
PubMed

Mutant KRAS vaccination for pancreatic cancer interception: the G12D immunogenicity paradox.

In a recent study published in Cancer Discovery, Haldar and colleagues report the first-in-human evaluation of a pooled mutant (Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog) KRAS peptide vaccine in individuals at high risk of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Vaccination induced broad and durable mutant KRAS-specific T-cell responses in most participants, providing a proof of concept for targeting oncogenic driver mutations before invasive pancreatic cancer develops.1 Twenty participants w...

Articles
Holmström MO, Hübbe ML, Chen IM, Andersen MH•
PubMed

Small Airway‐Predominant Asthma Revealed During Oscillometry Mannitol Challenge Despite Normal Spirometry.

ABSTRACT Objective confirmation of asthma commonly relies on spirometry, which may not capture distal airway dysfunction. A 58‐year‐old woman with episodic exertional dyspnoea and chest tightness had normal baseline spirometry, including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), FEV1/forced vital capacity and forced expiratory flow at 25%–75% of vital capacity. Mannitol challenge was negative by the conventional FEV1 criterion, with no clear obstructive change in the flow‐volume curves. Functiona...

Articles
Lu CL, Dhahir M, Muller A•
PubMed

Phytomechanochemical engineering of Bi/MgO interfaces for enhanced solar hydrogen production and multicomponent antibiotic degradation.

The development of multifunctional photocatalysts that produce renewable hydrogen (H2) while removing persistent pharmaceutical pollutants offers a promising solution for sustainable energy and water remediation. Herein, we report the first green phytomechanochemical strategy for synthesizing Bi-loaded MgO (Bix@MgO; x = 0.2, 0.5, or 0.7 wt% MgO) photocatalysts using clove (Syzygium aromaticum) extract as a natural reducing/stabilizing agent combined with solvent-free mechanochemical engineering....

Articles
Ullah I, Kiran M, Nazir M, Alsabban M, Al-Thubaiti K, Altowerqi A, Verpoort F, Taj MB, Bibi I, Alotaibi R•
PubMed

Construction of K(3)PW(12)O(40)/ZnIn(2)S(4) heterostructures with a likely direct Z-scheme pathway for enhanced visible-light photocatalytic hydrogen evolution and antibiotic degradation.

Developing efficient visible-light-responsive photocatalysts for solar fuel production and pollutant remediation remains challenging because of insufficient light harvesting and rapid recombination of photogenerated charge carriers. Herein, K3PW12O40/ZnIn2S4 (KPW/ZIS) heterostructured composites were prepared via a facile solvothermal route and evaluated for visible-light-driven H2 evolution and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC-HCl) degradation. Structural and spectroscopic characterizations confi...

Articles
Chen Y, Wen X, Yu C, Lu D, Li F, Li T•
PubMed

Neurobehavioral correlates of changing one’s mind in ADHD and OCD.

Abstract Cognitive flexibility is an executive function that allows individuals to adjust behavior in response to changing environmental demands. We assessed volitional switching under uncertainty, without rule-based learning, in the “Change Your Mind” task. Nineteen patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), 19 patients with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and matched control participants (20 per group) completed the task while undergoing a functional MRI scan. The task...

Articles
Zühlsdorff K, Dalley JW, Robbins TW, Morein-Zamir S•