Aplastic anemia

Aplastic anemia is a rare and life-threatening hematologic disorder marked by bone marrow failure and profound peripheral pancytopenia The hallmark pathophysiology involves severe bone marrow hypocellularity, where fatty tissue replaces functional marrow elements, clinically manifesting as fatigue and pallor from anemia, increased susceptibility to severe infections from neutropenia, and mucocutaneous bleeding or petechiae due to thrombocytopenia

Aplastic anemia is a rare and life-threatening hematologic disorder marked by bone marrow failure and profound peripheral pancytopenia The hallmark pathophysiology involves severe bone marrow hypocellularity, where fatty tissue replaces functional marrow elements, clinically manifesting as fatigue and pallor from anemia, increased susceptibility to severe infections from neutropenia, and mucocutaneous bleeding or petechiae due to thrombocytopenia

It affects the hematopoietic system across all age groups and typically arises from immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes, though it may also develop secondary to inherited genetic syndromes, toxic exposures, radiation, or viral infections The hallmark pathophysiology involves severe bone marrow hypocellularity, where fatty tissue replaces functional marrow elements, clinically manifesting as fatigue and pallor from anemia,...

It affects the hematopoietic system across all age groups and typically arises from immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells by autoreactive cytotoxic T lymphocytes, though it may also develop secondary to inherited genetic syndromes, toxic exposures, radiation, or viral infections