Endometritis

Endometritis is an inflammatory disorder of the endometrium, the inner epithelial lining of the uterus, most commonly arising from an ascending polymicrobial infection from the lower genital tract.

Primarily affecting females of reproductive age, it frequently presents in the postpartum period or as a central component of pelvic inflammatory disease associated with sexually transmitted pathogens or bacterial vaginosis.

Pathophysiologically, the condition is classified into acute forms, characterized by neutrophilic infiltration and microabscess formation, and chronic forms defined by stromal plasma cell infiltration.

Key clinical features range from acute uterine tenderness, fever, purulent or foul-smelling vaginal discharge, and lower abdominal pain to subtle, indolent manifestations such as abnormal uterine bleeding and dyspareunia.