Rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that primarily targets the synovial membrane of diarthrodial joints Although it can manifest at any age and exhibits a predilection for adult females, its clinical hallmark is persistent, symmetric polyarthritis affecting small peripheral joints—such as the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and metatarsophalangeal joints—frequently presenting with morning stiffness, swelling, and tenderness Pathophysiologic...

Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic autoimmune inflammatory disorder that primarily targets the synovial membrane of diarthrodial joints

Although it can manifest at any age and exhibits a predilection for adult females, its clinical hallmark is persistent, symmetric polyarthritis affecting small peripheral joints—such as the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and metatarsophalangeal joints—frequently presenting with morning stiffness, swelling, and tenderness Pathophysiologically, immune-mediated synovitis stimulates synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, and enzymatic release, ultimately leading to progressive artic...

Although it can manifest at any age and exhibits a predilection for adult females, its clinical hallmark is persistent, symmetric polyarthritis affecting small peripheral joints—such as the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal, and metatarsophalangeal joints—frequently presenting with morning stiffness, swelling, and tenderness

Pathophysiologically, immune-mediated synovitis stimulates synovial hyperplasia, pannus formation, and enzymatic release, ultimately leading to progressive articular cartilage destruction and marginal bone erosions Left uncontrolled, the condition produces progressive joint deformities, chronic functional disability, and diverse extra-articular manifestations involving the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and ocular systems

Left uncontrolled, the condition produces progressive joint deformities, chronic functional disability, and diverse extra-articular manifestations involving the pulmonary, cardiovascular, and ocular systems