Rhinitis

Rhinitis is an inflammatory or dysfunctional disorder of the nasal mucosa affecting the upper respiratory tract in pediatric and adult populations Clinically, it is characterized by symptoms such as rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sneezing, postnasal drip, and nasal pruritus Pathophysiologically, it encompasses diverse etiologies broadly categorized into allergic rhinitis—driven by immunoglobulin E–mediated hypersensitivity and inflammatory mediator release—as well as infectious and nonallergic ph...

Rhinitis is an inflammatory or dysfunctional disorder of the nasal mucosa affecting the upper respiratory tract in pediatric and adult populations

Rhinitis is an inflammatory or dysfunctional disorder of the nasal mucosa affecting the upper respiratory tract in pediatric and adult populations Pathophysiologically, it encompasses diverse etiologies broadly categorized into allergic rhinitis—driven by immunoglobulin E–mediated hypersensitivity and inflammatory mediator release—as well as infectious and nonallergic phenotypes triggered by autonomic dysfunction, environmental irritants, medications, or hormonal changes

Clinically, it is characterized by symptoms such as rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, sneezing, postnasal drip, and nasal pruritus

Pathophysiologically, it encompasses diverse etiologies broadly categorized into allergic rhinitis—driven by immunoglobulin E–mediated hypersensitivity and inflammatory mediator release—as well as infectious and nonallergic phenotypes triggered by autonomic dysfunction, environmental irritants, medications, or hormonal changes