Sneezing

Sneezing, medically termed sternutation, is a coordinated, protective respiratory reflex characterized by a sudden, involuntary, and forceful expulsion of air through the nose and mouth

Sneezing, medically termed sternutation, is a coordinated, protective respiratory reflex characterized by a sudden, involuntary, and forceful expulsion of air through the nose and mouth Pathophysiologically, the reflex is initiated when mechanical, chemical, inflammatory, or allergic stimuli irritate the nasal mucosa, triggering sensory afferents of the trigeminal nerve

Sneezing, medically termed sternutation, is a coordinated, protective respiratory reflex characterized by a sudden, involuntary, and forceful expulsion of air through the nose and mouth It primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and is universally observed across all age groups and populations Pathophysiologically, the reflex is initiated when mechanical, chemical, inflammatory, or allergic stimuli irritate the nasal mucosa, triggering sensory afferents of the trigeminal nerve These signal...

It primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and is universally observed across all age groups and populations These signals are processed by the brainstem's sneezing center in the medulla, which orchestrates a deep inspiration followed by rapid glottic closure, a sudden rise in intrathoracic pressure, and an explosive expiration designed to clear irritants and foreign particles from the nasal passages

It primarily affects the upper respiratory tract and is universally observed across all age groups and populations

Pathophysiologically, the reflex is initiated when mechanical, chemical, inflammatory, or allergic stimuli irritate the nasal mucosa, triggering sensory afferents of the trigeminal nerve

These signals are processed by the brainstem's sneezing center in the medulla, which orchestrates a deep inspiration followed by rapid glottic closure, a sudden rise in intrathoracic pressure, and an explosive expiration designed to clear irritants and foreign particles from the nasal passages