Indication

Vitamin A deficiency

Vitamin A deficiency is a systemic nutritional disorder caused by prolonged inadequate dietary intake or impaired absorption, storage, and transport of fat-soluble retinoids. Read more about Vitamin A deficiency

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About Vitamin A deficiency.

Vitamin A deficiency is a systemic nutritional disorder caused by prolonged inadequate dietary intake or impaired absorption, storage, and transport of fat-soluble retinoids.

It most commonly affects infants, young children, and pregnant or lactating individuals in resource-limited regions, as well as individuals with chronic malabsorptive or hepatobiliary disorders.

Pathophysiologically, the loss of vitamin A impairs retinal rhodopsin regeneration, compromises mucociliary epithelial integrity, and disrupts immune function.

Clinically, it manifests as xerophthalmia—progressing from nyctalopia (night blindness) and conjunctival Bitot spots to corneal xerosis, ulceration, and potentially irreversible keratomalacia—alongside increased vulnerability to severe infectious morbidity and follicular hyperkeratosis.

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