Proglycem (diazoxide)
Vasodilators Oral Suspension, Oral (Final Dose Form)
Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
Overview
Diazoxide is a nondiuretic antihypoglycemic agent that is structurally related to the thiazide diuretics.
USES: This medication is used to treat very low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). Certain conditions (such as tumor on the pancreas, cancer, leucine sensitivity) can cause the release of too much insulin. Insulin is a natural substance that lowers blood sugar.
This drug works by preventing insulin release from the pancreas, helping to return the blood sugar to normal levels. Diazoxide is a thiazide drug, but has no diuretic ("water pill") effects like other thiazides. Diazoxide should not be used to treat low blood sugar from poor nutrition/diet (functional hypoglycemia).
Generic name: diazoxide
Pronunciation: (dye-uh-ZOX-ide)
Drug class: Vasodilators
Therapeutic class: Endocrine
Reference product & biosimilars
No reference, biosimilar or interchangeable associated with this drug.
Today’s intelligence on Proglycem
Indications
The following indications are listed for Proglycem:
- Hyperinsulinism
- Insulinoma
- Nesidioblastosis
Also known as: Beta Cell Tumor, Hyperinsulinemia, Insuloma, Islet Cell Hyperplasia.
Dosing
No dosing information is available for this tab.
Diazoxide is administered orally for the treatment of hypoglycemia. Although diazoxide also has been administered IV for the management of severe hypertension, a parenteral preparation of the drug is no longer commercially available in the US.
| Drug label | Dosing type | Instructions |
|---|---|---|
| Proglycem 50 Mg/Ml Oral Susp | Maintenance | Take 1.5 mg/kg by oral route every 12 hours. |
| Drug label | Dosing type | Instructions |
|---|---|---|
| Diazoxide 50 Mg/Ml Oral Susp | Maintenance | Take 1.5 mg/kg by oral route every 12 hours. |
Drug interactions
There is no enhanced messaging for this drug.
There are no contraindication interactions for this drug.
There are no severe interactions for this drug.
Moderate Interaction: Assess the risk to the patient and take action as needed.
Diazoxide/Sulfonylureas
SEVERITY LEVEL: 3-Moderate Interaction: Assess the risk to the patient and take action as needed.
MECHANISM OF ACTION: Unknown.
CLINICAL EFFECTS: In a patient stabilized on a sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent, hyperglycemia may occur following the addition of diazoxide to the treatment.
PREDISPOSING FACTORS: None determined.
PATIENT MANAGEMENT: Monitor blood glucose and adjust the dose of the sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent as needed.
DISCUSSION: The concurrent administration of a sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agent and diazoxide has been beneficial in treating chlorpropamide-induced hypoglycemia and diazoxide-induced hyperglycemia. These reports indicate a potential problem if these agents are administered without proper monitoring of the patient's blood glucose.
Contraindications
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There are no contraindication contraindications for this drug.
- Chronic heart failure
- Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- Interstitial lung disease
- Ketoacidosis
- Morbid obesity
- Pneumonia
- Respiratory depression
- Sleep apnea
- Diabetes mellitus
- Edema
- Gout
- Hyperkalemia
- Hyperuricemia
- Hypokalemia
- Kidney disease with reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFr)
Adverse reactions
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More Frequent
- Body fluid retention
- Chronic heart failure
- Hypernatremia
- Worsening of chronic heart failure
Less Frequent
- Hypotension
- Ileus
- Tachycardia
Rare or Very Rare
- Abnormal hepatic function tests
- Acute pancreatitis
- Cataracts
- Diabetic ketoacidosis
- Enterocolitis
- Extrapyramidal disease
- Extravasation injury
- Gout
- Hematuria
- Hemorrhage
- Hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state
- Kidney disease with reduction in glomerular filtration rate (GFr)
- Necrotizing enterocolitis
- Nephrotic syndrome
- Pericardial effusion
- Skin rash
- Subconjunctival hemorrhage
- Thrombocytopenic disorder
- Urticaria
- Visual changes
More Frequent
- Diarrhea
- Hirsutism
- Hyperuricemia
- Palpitations
Less Frequent
- Abdominal pain with cramps
- Anorexia
- Dizziness
- Dysgeusia
- Edema
- General weakness
- Hyperglycemia
- Nausea
- Vomiting
Rare or Very Rare
- Alopecia
- Anemia
- Blurred vision
- Chest pain
- Cutaneous candidiasis
- Diplopia
- Drug fever
- Eosinophilia
- Eye tearing
- Galactorrhea not associated with childbirth
- Headache disorder
- Hypoesthesia
- Insomnia
- Lymphadenopathy
- Malaise
- Neutropenic disorder
- Oliguria
- Paresthesia
- Polyneuropathy
- Proteinuria
- Pruritus of skin
- Scotomata
- Symptoms of anxiety
Precautions
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No enhanced messaging available.
Although there are no adequate and controlled studies to date in humans, diazoxide has been shown to cause fetal skeletal anomalies, an increased incidence of fetal resorptions, and delayed parturition in rats receiving the drug orally, and evidence of skeletal and cardiac teratogenic effects have occurred in the offspring of rabbits receiving the drug IV. Evidence from reproduction studies in animals indicates that the adverse effects of diazoxide on normal fetal development may occur as a result of altered glucose metabolism. In pregnant sheep, goats, and swine, diazoxide has produced appreciable increases in fetal blood glucose concentration and degeneration of fetal pancreatic islet cells.
IV administration of diazoxide (parenteral preparation no longer commercially available in US) during labor may cause cessation of uterine contractions, and administration of oxytocic agents may be required to reinstate labor. Therefore, caution is advised if oral diazoxide is administered during labor. In addition, the drug may produce fetal or neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, thrombocytopenia, altered carbohydrate metabolism, and possibly other adverse effects that have occurred in adults. Alopecia and hypertrichosis lanuginosa have occurred in infants whose mothers received oral diazoxide during the last 19-60 days of pregnancy for the treatment of preeclampsia. Diazoxide should be used during pregnancy only when the potential benefits justify the possible risks to the fetus.
It is not known if diazoxide is distributed into milk. Because of the potential for serious adverse reactions to diazoxide in nursing infants, a decision should be made whether to discontinue nursing or the drug, taking into account the importance of the drug to the woman.
No enhanced messaging available.
ICD codes
| Code | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Hyperinsulinism | ||
| E16.1 | ICD10CM | Other hypoglycemia |
| Insulinoma | ||
| C25.4 | ICD10CM | Malignant neoplasm of endocrine pancreas |
| D13.7 | ICD10CM | Benign neoplasm of endocrine pancreas |
| Nesidioblastosis | ||
| E16.1 | ICD10CM | Other hypoglycemia |
| E16.9 | ICD10CM | Disorder of pancreatic internal secretion, unspecified |
| E16.A | ICD10CM | Hypoglycemia level |
ICD code information from First Databank (FDB).
Formulary status
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Last reviewed · Source: First Databank (FDB) drug data
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